The avifauna of the Tietê Ecological Park, Engenheiro Goulart nucleus, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

Abstract

Fauna surveys are essential for the development of ecosystem management and conservation strategies. This work
aimed to present a qualitative survey of the avifauna of the Parque Ecológico do Tietê, Engenheiro Goulart nucleus.
This nucleus is inserted in the Environmental Protection Area of Várzea do Tietê, and covers the municipalities of São
Paulo and Guarulhos. The survey was conducted between February 2008 and July 2020. The species were recorded at transects and points along pre-existing trails that were randomly traveled at all seasons and at variable times. Also,
specific records were added, obtained in a non-systematic way in other periods, as well as secondary data from the
literature. Were recorded 274 birds species, distributed in 21 orders and 54 families. The most represented families were
Thraupidae and Tyrannidae, with 11.6% of the species each. In total, 4.7% of the species are Nearctic migratory. Among
the registered species, 2.9% are endemic to the Atlantic Forest and 6.2% have some degree of threat of extinction. The
total of species represents 51.6% of the observed wealth for the municipality of São Paulo. Regarding habitats, 24.8%
occupy aquatic environments, 23.4% the edge of the forest, and 18.2% open areas or grasslands. The greatest wealth
observed, concerning other urban parks in the city, is probably related to the diversity of environments, mainly aquatic,
in addition to the proximity to the Serra da Cantareira and the presence of the rio Tietê, which runs through the park,
allowing the displacement of several species.
Keywords: urban areas, water birds, migratory species, urban parks.